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Policies to Enhance: Sustainable Development

This report identifies some of the main barriers -- conceptual and practical -- that stand in the way of progress, and some of the areas where concrete government actions will allow a better integration of environmental, economic and social goals. Particular focus is placed on how the use of the price system, reform of governments' decision-making processes, technology policies, and international trade and investment may each contribute to removing incentives to unsustainable resource depletion and environmental degradation.

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Sustainable development involves linking the economic, social and environmental objectives of societies in a balanced way. It stresses the importance of taking a broader view of what human welfare entails, of using a long-term perspective about the consequences of today's activities, and of recognising the global nature of many of the most pressing challenges facing societies. OECD countries committed themselves to sustainable development at the 1992 Rio Conference on Environment and Development. However, action to meet these commitments remains slow.

Recommendations in each of these areas are presented in this Report, and then applied to two areas -- climate change and natural resource management -- where the risks of non-sustainability appear to be highest.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1. Key Challenges and Policy Responses

Introduction.

De-coupling environmental pressures from economic growth: key challenges

The social dimension of sustainable development

Inadequate responses: knowledge and implementation gaps

A framework for sustainable development policies: key policy responses

Chapter 2. Making Markets Work for Sustainable Development

Establishing the left policy framework

Using market-based instruments to provide the left signals

Overcoming obstacles to market-based policy reform

Enhancing the effectiveness of other instruments

Chapter 3. Strengthening Decision Making

Introduction.

Policy integration

Strengthening the machinery of government

Accountability

Transparency and participation

Chapter 4. Harnessing Science and Technology

Introduction.

Providing the left framework conditions

Encouraging the development and diffusion of cleaner technologies

Chapter 5. Managing Linkages with the Global Economy

Impacts of trade and investment on sustainable development

National policy responses

International responses: trade and investment policy

International responses: environment policy

Development co-operation

Chapter 6. Responding to Climate Change

Introduction

Features of the Kyoto Protocol

Domestic policies

Reducing the costs of mitigation

The long-term challenge: encouraging participation of developing countries

Chapter 7. Managing Natural Resources

Introduction

Improving the knowledge base for decision making

Making markets better serve conservation objectives

Dealing with adjustment problems

Improving resource efficiency and reducing waste

Helping developing countries to better manage their own natural resources

Notes

References

with TOC BookMarkLinks

Available in French - "Développement durable : Quelles politiques ?":

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