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Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, OECD, "Towards Sustainable Household Consumption? Trends And Policies In OECD Countries"

Sustainable consumption has become an important issue in national and international agendas.

Changing unsustainable consumption patterns is crucial for achieving the goal of sustainable

development. For many years, environmental policies were focused on the production side, mainly

through pollution control and eco-efficiency. There was a lack of understanding of the consumption

patterns and the drivers behind them, an understanding which is necessary to identify the appropriate

role of governments in promoting more sustainable consumption patterns, and for the choice and

implementation of different policy instruments.

Is achieving sustainable consumption in OECD societies an insurmountable challenge? Looking

ahead to the nature and size of the problem in OECD countries, the challenge appears daunting – even

without considering the still greater implications of a global community consuming in the style and on

the scale of OECD countries. Ten years after the 1992 Earth Summit what can be said about the progress

made in addressing the environmental impacts of household consumption patterns and what are the

future priorities for action?

The OECD Environment Directorate has worked actively on sustainable consumption and the

environment since late 1994. Over the course of 1999 to 2001, it led a comprehensive exploration of key

household consumption patterns and drivers in OECD countries, the related environmental impacts,

and policy measures to promote more sustainable patterns. This report provides a synthesis of that

three years programme of work.

It describes the nature and magnitude of the challenge ahead to reduce the environmental impacts

from current and projected household consumption patterns. The web of driving forces that shape

household consumption patterns means that there are many options for influencing consumption

patterns, including roles for public policy, market innovation, NGO mobilisation of consumer groups,

and voluntary initiatives by consumers themselves. While recognising the close link to progress in

sustainable production and waste management practices, the report looks in particular at the specific

role of government in promoting more sustainable consumption patterns.

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