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Sampling & Analysis of Environmental Chemical Pollutants. A Complete Guide by: E. P. Popek

An excellent introduction to the real world of environmental work, this title helps both college students and working professionals improve their understanding of the data collection process. It covers all phases of data collection (planning, field sampling, laboratory analysis, and data quality assessment), and is a single source comprehensive reference for the resolution of the most common problems that environmental professionals face daily in their work.

Why This Title

This title is written in a clear and logical manner that is accessible to environmental professionals of all disciplines. It contains hundreds of practical tips on planning, sampling, and interactions with analytical laboratories. Having this text as a desk reference will greatly improve skills in planning and sampling, and elevate understanding of chemical data to a new level.

This topic is of importance to a wide range of environmental professionals from a variety of disciplines (see audience). Written by a practicing professional for practicing professionals, this handbook provides everything an environmental professional needs to know to competently collect environmental chemical data.

CONTENTS

Introduction vii

Acknowledgements ix

1.0 The Sample and the Error 1

1.1 The Concept of Relevant and Valid Data 1

1.2 Importance of a Stepwise Approach 3

1.3 Seven Steps of the Sample’s Life 3

1.4Tot al Error and Its Sources 5

1.5 Total Error and Data Usability 7

2.0 Bird’s Eye View of Project Planning 11

2.1 What are Data Quality Objectives? 11

2.2 Definitive, Screening, and Effective Data 47

2.3 Regulatory Overview and Action Levels 49

2.4Ho w to Navigate the Analytical Method Maze 54

2.5 Sampling Strategies 62

2.6 Field Quality Control and Quality Assurance Samples 65

2.7 Cost Estimate 76

2.8 Planning Documents 77

2.9 Analytical Method and Laboratory Selection 82

2.10 Preparedness and Coordination 87

3.0 Practical Approach to Sampling 89

3.1 Seven Steps of the Sampling Process 90

3.2 Sample Custody and Tracking 92

3.3 Sample Preservation Techniques 97

3.4Sa mple Packaging and Shipment 101

3.5 Soil Sampling Designs 103

3.6 Water Sampling 136

3.7 Surface Sampling with Wipes 158

3.8 Equipment Decontamination 162

3.9 Field Measurements 166

3.10 Field Records 179

4.0 Understanding the Analytical Laboratory 183

4.1 Requirements for Laboratory Operation 183

4.2 Laboratory Organization 186

4.3 The Seven Steps of Laboratory Process 188

4.4 Analytical Techniques and Their Applications 211

4.5 Compound Quantitation 240

4.6 Laboratory Quality Assurance 252

5.0 Data QualityAssessm ent 265

5.1 Data Evaluation 266

5.2 The Seven Steps of Data Evaluation 270

5.3 The Seven Steps of the Data Quality Assessment 282

Appendices 297

References 343

Acronyms and Abbreviations 347

Index 353

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