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Piotr Krol - Linear Polyurethanes: Synthesis Methods, Chemical Structures, Properties and Applications

& 8220;After having analysed some selected process related issues within polyurethane

plastics, I entirely agree with the opinion presented in the

monograph by G. Oertel [2] which is known to all skilled in that fi eld.

According to that view, the history of polyurethanes may be organised

into the following periods of time: years 1937–1962, when the

chemical grounds for polyurethanes were studied, the manufacturing

methods for the most important feedstocks were learned, and so were

the principal production processes for foamed urethanes, elastomers

and polyurethane coatings; and years 1963–1987, when further major

progress was made in the polyurethane industry, inter alia owing to the

RIM method which was just implemented. Late 80’s and the 90’s of the

twentieth century—that is the time of further expansion of polyurethane

plastics as construction materials predominantly for the automotive and

building industries, which became possible after diisocyanate MDI and

a vast range of polyethers produced from relatively cheap derivatives

of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide were marketed. On the other

hand, fi rst serious refl ections were reported in just that period of time

on environmental impacts resulting from the use of freons as effi cient

but environmentally noxious blowing agents for foamed polyurethanes,

and on toxic properties of volatile diisocyanate feedstocks. Moreover,

the need was noticed of developing the process(es) for safe utilisation

of spent polyurethane foams—it is just polyurethane foams and

foamed elastomers that make about 80 % of the produced volume

of polyurethane plastics. New kinds of diisocyanates, more resistant

to photo-degradation, were also marketed at that time, like IPDI and

HMDI, which made some outlets for polyurethanes (lacquers and coatings)

even more attractive.& 8221;

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