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Late Middle Ages (The Great Courses, Ancient & Medieval History) By Philip Daileader

Twelve Cassettes - 24 Lectures - 30 minutes per lecture. Course No. 8296

Course Lecture Titles 1. Late Middle Ages—Rebirth, Waning, Calamity?2.

Philip the Fair versus Boniface VIII3. Fall of the Templars and the

Avignon Papacy4. The Great Papal Schism 5. The Hundred Years War, Part 16.

The Hundred Years War, Part 27. The Black Death, Part 18. The Black Death,

Part 29. Revolt in Town and Country10. William Ockham11. John Wycliffe and

the Lollards12. Jan Hus and the Hussite Rebellion13. Witchcraft14.

Christine de Pizan and Catherine of Siena15. Gunpowder16. The Printing

Press 17. Renaissance Humanism, Part 118. Renaissance Humanism, Part 219.

The Fall of the Byzantine Empire20. Ferdinand and Isabella21. The Spanish

Inquisition22. The Age of Exploration23. Columbus and the Columbian

Exchange24. When Did the Middle Ages End?

Were the two centuries from c. 1300 to c. 1500—an age that has come to be

known as the Late Middle Ages—an era of calamity or an era of rebirth?

Should we look on this time as still clearly medieval or as one in which

humanity took its first decisive steps into modernity? Was it a period as

distant from us as it appears, or was it closer than we suspect? Students

of history are still trying, even after so many centuries, to reach

anything approaching a consensus on the answers to these questions.

Ponder the many contradictions on your own and you may be frustrated by

inconclusive answers. Instead, let Professor Philip Daileader be your

guide and set you on the path to answers with The Late Middle Ages, the

final course in his excellent trilogy that began with The Early Middle

Ages and The High Middle Ages.

This provocative 24-lecture course introduces you to the age's major

events, personalities, and developments and arms you with the essentials

you need to form your own ideas about this age of extremes—an age that,

according to Professor Daileader, "experiences disasters and tragedies of

such magnitude that those who survive them cannot remember the like, and

doubt that subsequent generations will be capable of believing their

descriptions."

An Era of Disease, War, and Religious Turmoil

There was the Black Death, which killed perhaps half the population of

Europe in four years and remained a constant and terrifying presence for

centuries to come. ...

There was the carnage of frequent wars, particularly the Hundred Years

War, and a steady progression in the deadly effectiveness of the weapons

with which those wars might be waged. ...

There was religious turmoil, with the papacy humiliated, the popes

departing Rome, and a Great Papal Schism that ultimately produced three

competing popes, leaving the Catholic Church with no clear leader for a

period of nearly 40 years. ...

And there was the threat of rebellion in both city and country as

disasters and social change took their inevitable toll.

... or Were the Seeds of Modernity Planted?

On the other hand, even as Europe was reeling under these onslaughts, a

powerful new way of thinking was coming to fruition. This was the

beginning of the intellectual and cultural movement known as Humanism.

By Humanism's precepts, which harkened back to the moral inspiration

inherent in Classical artistic values, humans have an enormous capacity

for goodness, for creativity, even for the achievement of happiness.

Moreover, that happiness was something that could be experienced not in

the next life, but in this one.

But these were hardly the only forces that tug modern-day historians in

multiple directions. The Middle Ages was also a period when the persisting

legacy of knights, serfs, and castles coexisted with the cannons and

muskets newly made possible by gunpowder.

It was a period when Scholastic theologians continued to question the

nature of God and the salvation of humanity, while this new breed of

Humanists urged a focus on humanity itself. And it was a time enlightened

enough to welcome and appreciate the rise of the printing press, yet it

still permitted and tolerated the torments of the Spanish Inquisition.

With a world of such contradictions and juxtapositions, is it any wonder

that historians, including those who have been the most influential and

evocative in studying this period, have differed on how history is to

judge this era―debating even when it ended and modernity began?

As you might imagine, Professor Daileader is no stranger to this

discussion. His opinion is that modernity in Europe came much later than

is generally thought, occurring between 1750 and 1850. More importantly,

Professor Daileader's wealth of teaching skills has drawn consistent

recognition and honors, beginning with his four Certificates of

Distinction while still a graduate student at Harvard and ranging to his

current occupancy of one of William and Mary's University Chairs in

Teaching Excellence.

Encounter Extraordinary People and Events

The teaching skills that helped earn those honors include a delightful

narrative style and a wry and pointed sense of humor, both of which are on

regular display throughout these lectures. The result is a compelling

course that introduces you to an extraordinary array of people and events.

— Meet women like Christine de Pizan, possibly the first woman to

support herself and her family entirely through her literary efforts.

Left to her own devices after the deaths of her husband and father, the

Italian-born resident of France put her superb education to work,

writing and selling poems, royal biographies, a defense of Joan of Arc,

and even a book on military theory. But her greatest contributions were

as an early feminist; with major works defending the intellectual and

moral equality of women, she launched a discussion that would last for

centuries.

Encounter rulers who helped turn the tide of history, like Ferdinand and

Isabella, who sponsored Columbus's voyages to the Americas but also

expelled both the Jews and Muslims from the Iberian Peninsula and

established the Spanish Inquisition. Or Philip IV of France, whose drive

to assert supremacy over the papacy included the so-called Babylonian

Captivity of the popes in Avignon and the arrest and trial of the

Knights Templar, the military order supposedly answerable only to the

pope.

And discover radical thinkers and theologians such as John Wycliffe, Jan

Hus, and William Ockham, whose ideas dared to approach—and cross—the

forbidden lines of heresy, sparking controversy, rebellion, and the

sometimes fatal opposition of the church.

But as fascinating as the people of the Late Middle Ages were, its

signpost events and developments were no less gripping, and Professor

Daileader creates vibrant pictures in showing how each contributed to this

complex and important era, including:

The Black Death, which claimed what some historians now believe to be

fully half of Europe's population in its first four-year visit (there

were others) and left in its wake not only death and grief but

widespread social and economic complications.

The influence of the Inquisition's courts and the idea of the

"witch"—especially the female witch—as well as the occurrence of the

first witch trials and the widespread ordeals women fell prey to in the

16th and 17th centuries.

The coming of paper to Europe, after its invention in China 1,000 years

earlier, and the replacement of parchment by paper. This development was

critical to the feasibility and spread of the printing press, perhaps

even more so than the demands presented by the rise of literacy.

The far-reaching effects of the historical transaction that has come to

be known as the Columbian Exchange. The massive trade of plants,

animals, and diseases between the Old and New Worlds rapidly changed

both areas forever. As Europe gained enormous demographic and economic

benefits, it was often at the cost of profound devastation to the

Americas.

The impact of the exchange that began with Columbus's voyage is still felt

today, as is the impact of the entire era whose end it roughly marks and

whose story is presented so brilliantly in The Late Middle Ages.

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