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Written for postgraduates and advanced undergraduates in physics, this clear and concise work covers a wide range of subjects from intermediate to ultra-relativistic energies, thus providing an introductory overview of heavy ion physics. The reader is introduced to essential principles in heavy ion physics through a variety of questions, with answers, of varying difficulty.

In Chapters 2 and 3 an introduction is given to the transport theory of relativistic systems. Several examples are taken from the field of heavy ion physics. This part is important to understand the basics of equilibrium and non-equilibrium systems and how the systems evolve towards equilibrium. Chapter 4 discusses the basic features of the nuclear equation of state (EOS) which characterizes a static equilibrium system. Chapter 5 introduces relativistic fluid dynamics which is able to describe dynamical systems which are locally equilibrated but not globally. Heavy ion reactions in the “ideal” case belong to this category, if the system is sufficiently large. In Chapter 6 the most simple reaction models are presented, widely used both by theorists and experimentalists in the recent years. These are all simple fluid dynamical models. In Chapter 7 the experimental observables are discussed and their connections to the collective properties of the system. In Chapter 8 the characteristic energy and mass scaling of the observables are discussed, i.e. how can one compare experimental results measured at different beam energy or in different colliding systems. In Chapter 9 some of the reaction models not assuming a priory equilibrium are introduced. Since most of these are numerical microscopic models the presentation is limited to the basic features and the results of these models. In Chapter 10 an overview of the search for quark gluon plasma is given. Here more information is given on the EOS based on Lattice QCD, the possible reaction dynamics is discussed in different energy regions, and the results of some reaction models are presented and compared to experiments. Some recent ideas for the possibility to detect the phase transition are mentioned. Finally in Chapter 11 connections between astrophysics and heavy ion reactions are presented. At the end of each Chapter there are assignments which are important parts of the textbook. Some of the concepts used in the field are introduced in assignments! For those who do not want to solve the assignments a brief solution is also provided.

This timely text is based on a series of well received lectures given by Professor L. Csernai at the University of Minnesota, Michigan State University and the University of Bergen, where the author is based.

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