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H. Zhao, “HCCI and CAI Engines for the Automotive Industry”

Preface:

Controlled Auto-Ignition (CAI) and Homogeneous Charge Compression

Ignition (HCCI) combustion are radically different from the conventional

spark ignition (SI) combustion in a gasoline engine and compression ignition

(CI) diffusion combustion in a diesel engine. The combination of a diluted

and premixed fuel and air mixture with multiple ignition sites throughout the

combustion chamber eliminates the high combustion temperature zones and

prevents the production of soot particles, hence producing ultra-low NOx

and particulate emissions. The use of lean, or more often diluted, air/fuel

mixture with recycled burned gases permits unthrottled operation of a CAI/

HCCI gasoline engine, thus yielding higher engine efficiency and better fuel

economy than SI combustion. Therefore, CAI/HCCI combustion represents

for the first time a combustion technology that can simultaneously reduce

both NOx and particulate emissions from a diesel engine and has the capability

of achieving simultaneous reduction in fuel consumption and NOx emissions

from a gasoline engine.

Based on these promises, the interest in CAI/HCCI combustion exploded

at the turn of the new millennium and has since grown so much that the

HCCI session has consistently been the largest session in the world’s largest

annual gathering of automotive engineers, the annual SAE Congress in Detroit,

for the last five years. Each year, scores of papers are published at a number

of international conferences and in various journals. It would be a daunting

task to read every publication in this field. In addition, it presents a particular

challenge for someone to plan working in this field or for someone to make

a management decision on CAI/HCCI technology. In the meantime, the

research and development efforts in this field over the last ten years have

reached a stage that not only has better understanding of the underlying

physical and chemical process in CAI/HCCI combustion been achieved but

also several dominant and promising means have emerged for the adoption

of CAI/HCCI combustion in automotive applications. It is therefore timely

that the large volume of technical information should be made available in

an organised way so that the description of the fundamental processes, insights

on technical issues, and identification of future research and development

can be found between one set of covers.

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