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Laser Irradiation of Tumors for the Treatment of Cancer: An Analysis of Blood Flow, Temperature and Oxygen Transport Hence, studies of the effects of laser irradiation on tumor oxygen levels are of great interest, as they allow for the optimization of hyperthermia treatment. Laser Irradiation of Tumors for the Treatment of Cancer: Laser Irradiation of Tumors for the Treatment of Cancer: An Analysis of Blood Flow, Temperature and Oxygen Transport An Analysis of Blood Flow, Temperature and Oxygen Transport BEE 453 May 4, 2007 Ravi Sood, David Nahlik, Weston Nichols, and Evan Graham

While highly uncommon, breast cancer can occur in males, but because of the considerable amount of breast cells that most women posses compared to most men, cancer is understandably more prevalent in the female population. One of the oldest and most successful treatments of breast cancer to date is invasive surgery; however, alternative, slightly less invasive methods of treatment are being explored, one of which is radiation therapy. Laser irradiation works best for cancers that are rapidly or actively dividing, and recent research suggests that it enhances radiosensitivity of dividing cells by enhancing oxygenation of the tumor tissues [2]. This oxygenation is thought to be caused by increased blood perfusion coupled with a decreased oxygen consumption rate due to mild hyperthermia [3]. Another study of the affect of irradiation on tumor cells showed that the process of radiosensitization is linked to G 2 /M arrest and apoptosis of cancerous (or normal) cells [4]. However, further investigation on the use of hyperthermia in conjunction with radiotherapy is necessary to study the effects of this technique on normal tissues as well as to quantify the oxygen concentration gradients created by the dilation and increased permeability of breast blood vessels due to the increase in temperature. Accordingly, the focus of this project was the development of a mathematical model to simulate the heat transfer due to laser irradiation of tumor cells, the blood flow through a tumor capillary, and resulting changes in flow rates and oxygen delivery to tumor tissue. We adopted the following schematics from He et al. [1] to model the effect of temperature (modeled in the breast geometry) on blood flow and oxygen diffusion in a capillary in the tumor (modeled in the blood vessel geometry). These simplifications allowed us to develop a model to analyze the effects of temperature on blood flow rate and oxygen concentration in the tumor that could be used to optimize parameters of hyperthermia treatment. As a preliminary step, we studied the effects of varying laser intensity and cooling conditions at the breast surface.

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