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Colour Terms in the Old Testament (Journal for the Study of the Old Testament): Athalya Brenner

Foreword:

Scholarship has in modern times become increasingly aware of the necessity for an adequate theoretical framework for the study of vocabulary. Words cannot be understood in isolation, but only as possible choices, as against other words, within the language of a particular period; and they cannot be understood simply on the basis of derivation and etymology, for these do not tell us how the various units acted and interacted in actual use. Although all this has come to be realized, scholarship has been slow in developing methods by which entire word-groups and sectors of the vocabulary could be isolated and studied as a whole. Many difficulties seem to stand in the way of isolating one semantic area from another.

In this respect colour terms seem to provide a highly interesting test case. One can, at least prima facie, hope to identify what is a colour term with some prospect of general agreement, and the literature provides sufficient evidence of usage to provide a suitable basis for study. On the other hand, the terms are not so directly loaded with religious nuances as many biblical terms are. Moreover, they form an excellent testing area for certain hypotheses about the correlation (or non-correlation) between psychological structures and the building of vocabulary in languages. The conventional glosses used in dictionaries and translations of the Bible, which offer us the simple English "red" or "blue" as rendering of a Hebrew term, must be regarded as rough approximations or wild over-simplifications at the best. Comparatively little systematic and informed study of these problems has been attempted in the area of biblical scholarship. The author of this work, Mrs. Brenner, is a sensitive and sophisticated linguist, who approaches the subject with a thorough appreciation of modern linguistic methods and of other scientific approaches that bear upon the problem. Her description of the Hebrew vocabulary, both biblical and post-biblical, has great importance for the entire lexicological analysis of the language, and may well provide the stimulus for many analyses of other semantic fields in the future. It is a pleasure to recommend her work to the world of scholarship.

James Barr

University of Oxford

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