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Coated Textiles by: Ashish Kumar Sen

This new text will be a valuable one-volume resource for all those involved in the R&D, engineering, production, evaluation, and design of coated fabrics, as well as their constituent materials and processing equipment. Detailed chapters cover materials (coating materials and textile substrates), physical properties, processes and finishing methods, test methods, and all significant application areas. Each coating material is examined individually, with information on chemistry, formulation, properties, processability, and applications. Each substrate material is also examined individually with information on its use in coated fabrics. Coating methods are detailed, with diagrams and other schematics illustrating each method. Three chapters cover the many product categories in which coated fabrics are important, with information on how they are designed and produced. Additional chapters discuss physical properties, rheology, and test methods.

Table of Contents

Preface

Acknowledgements

Introduction

1 Polymeric Materials for Coating 1

1.1 Rubber - Natural and Synthetic 1

1.2 Polyvinyl Chloride 14

1.3 Polyurethanes 24

1.4 Acrylic Polymers 40

1.5 Adhesive Treatment 40

1.6 Radiation-Cured Coatings 44

2 Textile Substrate for Coated Fabric 51

2.1 Materials and Trends 51

2.2 Textile Fibers 52

2.3 Spinning 57

2.4 Woven Fabrics 63

2.5 Knitted Fabrics 67

2.6 Nonwoven Fabrics 70

3 Coating Methods 75

3.1 General Features 75

3.2 Knife Coating 78

3.3 Roll Coating 84

3.4 Dip Coating 89

3.5 Transfer Coating 90

3.6 Rotary Screen Printing 91

3.7 Calendering 92

3.8 Hot-melt Coating 100

4 Physical Properties of Coated Fabrics 105

4.1 General Characteristics 105

4.2 Tensile Strength 105

4.3 Elongation 107

4.4 Adhesion 108

4.5 Tear Resistance 111

4.6 Weathering Behavior 114

4.7 Microbiological Degradation 116

4.8 Yellowing 118

5 Rheology of Coating 121

5.1 Rheological Behavior of Fluids 121

5.2 Rheology of Plastisols 125

5.3 Hydrodynamic Analysis of Coating 128

6 Fabrics for Foul Weather Protection 133

6.1 Clothing Comfort 133

6.2 Impermeable Coating 135

6.3 Breathable Fabrics 135

7 Nonapparel Coating 155

7.1 Synthetic Leather 155

7.2 Architectural Textiles 162

7.3 Fluid Containers 169

7.4 Tarpaulins 172

7.5 Automotive Air Bag Fabrics 173

7.6 Carpet Backing 174

7.7 Textile Foam Laminates for Automotive Interiors 177

7.8 Flocking 178

8 High-Tech Applications 181

8.1 Fabrics for Chemical Protection 181

8.2 Thermochromic Fabrics 187

8.3 Temperature Adaptable Fabrics 189

8.4 Camouflage Nets 190

8.5 Metal and Conducting Polymer-Coated Fabrics 193

9 Test Methods 203

9.1 Coating Mass Per Unit Area 203

9.2 Degree of Fusion/Curing of Coating 204

9.3 Blocking 204

9.4 Coating Adhesion 205

9.5 Accelerated Aging 205

9.6 Flexibility - Flat Loop Method 207

9.7 Damage Due to Flexing 207

9.8 Abrasion Resistance 208

9.9 Test For Colorfastness to Dry and Wet Rubbing 209

9.10 Low Temperature Bend Test 209

9.11 Low Temperature Impact Test 210

9.12 Cone Test 211

9.13 Resistance to Water Penetration 212

9.14 Air Permeability 212

9.15 Water Vapor Permeability 213

9.16 Resistance to Permeation by Hazardous Liquid Chemicals 214

9.17 Resistance to Penetration/Permeation of Chemical Warfare Agents 215

9.18 Resistance to Penetration by Blood-borne Pathogens 216

9.19 Electrical Resistivity of Fabrics 217

App. 1 219

App. 2 221

Index 225

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