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Avicenna's Treatise on Logic: Part One (1) of Danesh-Name Alai
Posted on 2010-03-16
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More The Dāneš-nāma, a full exposition of Avicenna’s Peripatetic philosophy, represents the first attempt to render an already advanced Arabic philosophical discourse in Persian. It is thus one of the earliest comprehensive records of technical Persian vocabulary in logic, physics, and metaphysics. The section on logic covers the essential issues discussed in Avicenna’s major philosophical work in Arabic, Ketāb al-šefāʾ. The text begins with definition of the purpose (ḡaraż) and usefulness (fāʾeda) of logic and such preliminary concepts (lafẓ) as universal and particular, essential and accidental, and genus and species (1974b, pp. 1-25). Avicenna’s formulation of syllogism was based on his epistemology, in which he defined two kinds of knowing (dānestan): “understanding” or “conception” (andar-rasīdan, taṣawwor) and “persuasion” or “assent” (geravīdan, taṣdīq; 1974b, p. 5). In order to achieve “persuasion,” it is necessary to provide “proof” (ḥojjat), which can be of three kinds, syllogism (qīās), induction (esteqrāʾ), and analogy (meṯāl); the most convincing of them is syllogism (1974b, p. 59), and most of Avicenna’s section on logic is devoted to it. He listed thirteen kinds of premise (moqaddamāt-e pīšīn) on which a syllogism can be based. Download FREE or
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