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Lectures on Numerical Methods in Bifurcation Problems
Methods for Finding Zeros in Polynomials
Lectures on Stochastic Flows and Applications
Educational Psychology by Edward L. Thorndike
The Last Days of Tolstoy by V. G. Chertkov
Globalization and Responsibility
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History of the Incas by Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa
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A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature
Lectures on Sieve Methods and Prime Number Theory
Dollars and Sense by William Crosbie Hunter
The Theory of the Theatre by Clayton Hamilton
The Mathematics of Investment
Occupiers of Wall Street: Losers or Game Changers
The Solution of the Pyramid Problem
Lectures on Moduli of Curves
Walden by Henry David Thoreau
Methods for Finding Zeros in Polynomials
Lectures on Stochastic Flows and Applications
Educational Psychology by Edward L. Thorndike
The Last Days of Tolstoy by V. G. Chertkov
Globalization and Responsibility
Lectures on Siegel Modular Forms and Representation by Quadratic Forms
Lectures on Topics In One-Parameter Bifurcation Problems
History of the Incas by Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa
Linear Algebra: Theorems and Applications
Lectures on Stochastic Differential Equations and Malliavin Calculus
A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature
Lectures on Sieve Methods and Prime Number Theory
Dollars and Sense by William Crosbie Hunter
The Theory of the Theatre by Clayton Hamilton
The Mathematics of Investment
Occupiers of Wall Street: Losers or Game Changers
The Solution of the Pyramid Problem
Lectures on Moduli of Curves
Walden by Henry David Thoreau
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Access to Financial Services in Brazil (Directions in Development)
Posted on 2010-04-14
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Author: Anjali Kumar
Publisher: World Bank Publications (2004) Binding: Paperback, 619 pages pricer: $40.00 ISBN-10: 0821357166 editorialreviews There has been a growing awareness worldwide that financial exclusion reduces the potential welfare of individuals and the productivity of enterprises in an economy. This study focuses on the delivery of financial services to one of the world¡¯s most important emerging financial markets, Brazil. Despite concerns regarding diminishing bank numbers over the last decade there is no evidence of a trend decline in access to bank services in Brazil. Comparing Brazil with other countries at similar levels of development, Brazil is not underbanked. Yet the absolute numbers of the financially excluded are large and disparities in financial access can be at least as significant between neighborhoods within a city, as between regions of the country. Access to Financial Services in Brazil emphasizes the role of financial infrastructure. The contribution of non-banks to access so far has been based to some degree upon regulatory arbitrage opportunities with the banking system, and they have suffered from varying degrees of lack of legal clarity. Credit to small borrowers is also impeded by difficulties in loan recovery, due partly to ¡®judicial activism¡¯ and also to difficulties in the use of collateral. Further improvements in credit registries and credit reporting can greatly ease lending to small borrowers with limited credit history. Finally, the macroeconomic environment has a profound influence on overall access. The government¡¯s large borrowing needs impact negatively upon private credit and the high taxation of the financial system, partly to finance such needs, is another deterrent. Nevertheless, there is a role for more proactive government policies towards access at a micro level through the creation of a more supportive enabling environment in terms of regulation, monitoring and disclosure and selective support.
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